Painkillers can play an important role in helping people recover from major surgeries or manage medical conditions. However, not all painkillers are created equal. Even though they may work well in reducing pain, some are highly addictive, which can be life-threatening. Keep reading to learn more about the most addictive painkillers, the risks associated with their use, and potentially safer alternatives.
Understanding Painkillers
Analgesics or painkillers come in different forms, such as over-the-counter medicines like aspirin or ibuprofen and prescription drugs like opioids. While they are essential for managing pain, some types have high rates of addiction that can result in serious health problems.
There has been an epidemic of opioid dependence worldwide with millions affected by this crisis every year. According to CDC findings, 70 percent out of 70,630 fatal overdoses in 2019 were associated with opioid use. These numbers should serve as a wake-up call for us all because they show how dangerous these substances can be if we do not understand them.
Most Addictive Painkillers: What You Should Know
Here are some examples of the most addictive painkillers available at present:
Oxycodone
Available under brand names like Percocet and OxyContin, oxycodone is a potent synthetic opioid prescribed for severe or chronic pain. However, due to its strength, it carries high levels of dependency among patients who misuse the drug.
- Usage: Commonly prescribed after surgeries; used when dealing with chronic conditions that cause intense pains, such as arthritis.
- Addiction Potential: Even if taken as instructed, there is still potential for addiction because this medicine is habit-forming.
- Side Effects: Drowsiness; nausea or vomiting; constipation (opioids slow down digestion); respiratory depression or suppression (can stop breathing).
Hydrocodone
Commonly combined with acetaminophen in drugs like Norco and Vicodin, hydrocodone is another frequently prescribed opioid. However, combining it with other substances does not prevent addiction from developing.
- Usage: Often used for dental pain relief; also given to patients suffering from injuries sustained during accidents or surgeries.
- Addiction Potential: The fact that this substance has been so widely abused means that there are more chances of forming a habit of using hydrocodone than any other drug within its category.
- Side Effects: Slowed respiratory rate (breathing becomes shallow); liver damage (due to acetaminophen overdose); confusion or mental fogginess; drowsiness.
Fentanyl
Fifty to one hundred times stronger than morphine, fentanyl is an extremely powerful synthetic opioid. It is usually reserved for severe pain management in cancer patients, but illegal production and distribution have contributed significantly to the current wave of opioid overdoses.
- Usage: It is most frequently used during surgical operations where potent analgesia may be required or provided over long periods, such as chronic back pain caused by conditions like multiple sclerosis, which often affects nerves throughout the body, making them very sensitive.
- Addiction Potential: Some people may believe that because they only need small quantities at once, there’s no risk involved, but even tiny amounts can lead someone into full-blown dependence within days due to its potency levels relative to other drugs available today.
- Side Effects: Severe respiratory depression (can cause breathing to stop completely); nausea or vomiting; sedation or feeling excessively calm or sleepy.
Morphine
Even though morphine is one of the oldest known painkillers currently still being administered, it remains a highly addictive substance. This medicine should, therefore, only be used when dealing with severe types of pain since most people cannot help themselves from taking more than what their bodies need after experiencing its euphoric effects.
- Usage: It is usually given intravenously (through veins) at hospitals following major surgeries where there is intense postoperative discomfort. It can also be delivered orally in sustained-release capsules or tablets for patients whose condition allows them to take medicine by mouth throughout the day without sleep interruptions due to frequent dosage administration times.
- Addiction Potential: Morphine tends to create high levels of physical dependency among users mainly because it produces intense feelings of pleasure and relaxation, thus making individuals crave such sensations repeatedly, which ultimately leads to addiction.
- Side Effects: Respiratory depression (can slow down or stop breathing altogether); itching/irritation; gastrointestinal problems e.g. constipation, difficulty passing stool
Why Are These Painkillers So Addictive?
Opioids work by binding to opioid receptors in the brain, reducing the perception of pain and triggering the release of dopamine, a neurotransmitter associated with pleasure and reward. This dopamine release creates a feeling of euphoria, which can lead to repeated use and, eventually, addiction.
Warning Signs of Painkiller Addiction
Recognizing the signs of addiction earlier can make a considerable difference in treatment outcomes. Here are some common indicators:
- Increased Tolerance: Needing larger doses to achieve the same pain-relieving effects.
- Withdrawal Symptoms: Experiencing symptoms such as anxiety, sweating, and nausea when not taking the drug.
- Compulsive Use: Using painkillers despite negative consequences on health, relationships, and responsibilities.
- Doctor Shopping: Visiting multiple doctors to obtain more prescriptions.
Safer Options and Damage Reduction Strategies
However important pain management may be, it is also important to consider safer options and strategies for reducing harm that can help lower the chances of addiction:
Pain Relievers That Are Not Opioid-Based
- NSAIDs (Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs): For example, ibuprofen or aspirin.
- Paracetamol: Effective with mild to moderate pain but not addictive.
Non-pharmacological Approaches
- Physical therapy: Involves exercises and manual techniques aimed at managing pain levels.
- Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT): Targets psychological aspects related to chronic aches or discomforts.
- Acupuncture: Complementary medicine which can alleviate some types of long-term pains.
Break Free from Painkillers: Your Roadmap to Recovery Starts Here
Understanding what are the most physically addictive painkillers can help you make better decisions about managing your pain and avoiding becoming addicted. At Southern Sky Recovery, we have developed comprehensive treatment plans that support long-term sobriety while fostering overall well-being. Southern Sky is a drug rehab with a variety of addiction treatment programs. We utilize a unique blend of therapies to support our clients in their recovery journeys.
For more information or to begin healing from painkiller addiction, please contact us. Let Southern Sky Recovery assist you in regaining control over your future by providing personalized care plans tailored just for you.
